Can you please tell me if there is any specific APA format for referencing unpublished manuscript? I want to cite a research paper of my senior which is not formally published in any journal till now. He has submitted it in ELK Asia Pacific Journal for a month now but the publication is still under process. So, is there any way by which I can cite it? Because it is unpublished, what would I fill out in the Year section?
What are the reliable ways through which I can collect research data online? I thought creating online surveys and sending personalized emails to the respondents would do the job best, but then I really don’t know how to do it. Also, I wanted to get it clarified if online data collection is even ethical? Because the authenticity of data is seen vulnerable in online data collection in many cases, I’m doubtful. Please advise something. Thanks pals in advance!
I am hoping that you intend to send personalized emails to those respondents with whom you are acquainted very well. Otherwise, there is a little hope that you will be successful. Nowadays, identity theft is on the rise and majority of the people (including me) prefer not to reveal much on a cyberspace. I guess a paper and pencil method would produce better results where you get to meet your respondents in person.
As far as I believe it would be considered unreliable than unethical. You cannot be sure about the authenticity of the data collected because sometimes the people can be insecure to divulge certain personal information on the internet solely for a research purpose. Moreover, I can give you a good tip. You should try to keep your questions extremely precise. Respondents usually don’t take online surveys seriously and there can be a high dropout rate when faced with tricky questions. So, make it convenient for them. Good luck!
The idea of collecting data online is actually good. This way you can get to connect with large number of audience and you can save time and money. Keep one thing in mind, do not connect with the wrong audience.Choose your target audience wisely and the one from where you can get 80%response. All the best with your research.
My advice would be, do not include personal questions. Because sometimes people refrain from providing personal information. Try to design your questionnaire in such a way that it doesn’t lack the core essence of your research. Also, there are many online services available which provides tools to conduct surveys via emails and other modes. You can consult them as well. As they have a vast network, so they can provide you with the correct audience from whom you can the positive results.This way, it will be easier for you to articulate your results.
I need to develop a demographic questionnaire for measuring the difference between “before” & “after” situation of marginalized women in Africa after women rights law section 9 entitled as Equality had been passed. For this, my target audience would be the poor and the subjugated women living in the outskirts of Congo. Can someone help me out, like what could be some good demographic questions?
But you are researching upon the marginalised or oppressed women so to say, how would you manage to let them fill those? They might not be able to reveal their identity and respond justifiably. Isn’t is so?
Hmm. I know your concern! I would be sending the questionnaire through post to maintain the anonymity. This is one of the biggest challenges for collecting data, especially from a remote and small community. But right now, I’m only concerned about the formulation of research questions. May be I can visit them personally and collect data. In research reports, I will keep their identity and credentials hidden so that they would not be any facing issues due to me.
In a demographic questionnaire, the basic details like gender, age, language spoken, race would be inclusive. While some other could be: what is their profession? Are they engaged in agricultural production, or providing domestic work services, or are they only household wives? Why they chose occupation like they are doing the job currently? Are there any opportunities for women in the service sector? How much is their contribution to the total income of household? How their experience as housewives or working women is like? What do they think they lack in comparison to men? Do they feel discriminated because of their race and gender? Something like that. I don’t know your specific objective, but yes I do feel like your research must be revolving in and around these questions.
It is not that easy. You cannot formulate the questions for the sake of creating a questionnaire. You need to be very careful while doing that. It sounds difficult. Anyhow, Here is this good resource that I found that will guide you for demographic questionnaire. http://www.satest.arizona.edu/assessment/documents/ExamplesOfDemographicQuestions.pdf
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